Church of England

 Colonization of Americas started later than Spain and France, wanted to establish power, use strong navy

Trying to find gold, glory for England, some desire to Christianize Indians, though not many efforts made

Established permanent settlements, agricultural plantations

In Virginia, primary crop tobacco

As Virginians moved out of Jamestown and needed more land and resources, pushed Indians out

In beginning, relations with Indians were fairly peaceful. Indians helped Jamestown settlers during the Critical Period, giving them food and agricultural strategies.

As settlers began to demand more lnad, relations got worse and English policy became harsher, demanding full submission to Royal Crown. Indians were pushed off the land and essentially removed from the area by 1700.

Catholic

Sea route to Asia, establishment of trading posts, exploring interior of Northern American continent

Some efforts to convert natives, by the Jesuit priests

Trading posts, especially for furs

Fishing, especially in Hudson Bay regions and Great Lakes

Structure -- small towns and trading posts, plantations with tenant farmers

Tried to establish friendly relations and communications with Indians

Indians were trading partners and sometimes valuable allies

Set up alliances with friendly tribes to fight against other Indians and colonial powers

Protestant

To set up a base for trade. 

Catholic

Western sea route to Asia, silver and gold, new lands for their empire, conversion of natives to Catholicism

Missions established - combination of church, school, and farm

Silver mining, sugar cane plantations, agriculture

Structure -encomiendas - large plantations granted to conquerors, included the Indians living there

Emphasis on making Indians useful in Spanish economic systems

Brutal force used when Indians resisted Spanish rule

Indians were essentially treated like slaves in conquered lands