pp.255-267

1. How does a psychologist define “memory”?
2. Give two bits of statistical evidence to support this statement: “Even ‘regular people’ have amazing memories. They can remember even insignificant things for long periods of time.”
3. The “information processing model” of memory compares a person’s memory to a ______________________. There are three parts to this type of memory, name and describe them:
1.  _____________________________________________________________________________________
2.  _____________________________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________________________
4. The theory of “connectionism” argues that our memories are made up of interconnected neural networks. This theory has three parts to it. Name and briefly describe them:
1.  _____________________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________________
3.  _____________________________________________________________________________________
5.  The connectionism theory has two newer additions to help it.
1.  First, some memories may go directly into…
2.  Secondly, we have a _________________________ that focuses on what we’re actively processing right here, right now.
6. “Encoding” can be broken down into what two major sub-categories? (name and briefly describe the two)
7. How is learning to read a good example for the first sub-category of encoding?
8. The second sub-category of encoding could be further broken down into three “sub-sub-categories”. Name and briefly describe them:
1. _____________________________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________________________
9. Summarize Hermann Ebbinghaus’ study and results in your own words.
10. When you have a semester exam a couple of months away, how do psychologists suggest you study for it (and how to not study for it)?
11. What does the “testing effect” suggest?
12. The “serial position effect” teaches us that if we’re introduced to 10 new people, we’re most likely to remember whom? This is due to the ________________ effect and the _________________ effect.
13. Which type of encoding works best and which works the least well?
14. If we took a trip to NYC, which would we most likely remember after a few years, the boring time in the airport or the scene atop the Empire State Building? What’s this phenomenon called?
15. Give an example of a mnemonic device that (a) is visual and (b) uses chunking.
16. Sketch a quick hierarchy with “BHS” at the top. Go about 3 levels down.
17. Summarize the studies of George Sperling.
18. Working/short-term memory lasts only about _________ (how long) and can hold only about ____ bits of info.